Car-ventilating system.



D. I. COOKE- CAR VENTILATING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED FEB! 6. 1914.

Patented July 6, 1915.

1. Wm m w 0 Q Q S/ m N Q D. I. COOKE.

. CAR VENTILATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATIONTILED FEB. 6, 1914.

Patented July 6, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- DWIGHT I. cookie, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

ASSIGNOR, '10 VACUUM GAR VENTILATING C0,, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ACORPORATION OF ILLINOIS;

GAR-VENTILATING SYSTEM.

1,145869. original application filed June 27, 1913, Serial No.

Specification of Letters Patent.

lfatented July h, 1%15.

776,053. Divided and. this application filed February 6,

1914:. Serial No. 316,907.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DWIGHT 1. GQQKE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Car-Ventilating Systems,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a ventilating system intended for use on carsand similar vehicles, and is particularly adapted to fultil therequirements of ventilation in closed cars of the single-end'operatedtype.

In the present ventilating system, I aim to provide an adequate and eveninflow of fresh air into the car body and a discharge of foul airtherefrom in quantities, manner of distribution, and rate of flow whichis conducive to the highest comfort and best health of the carpassengers.

It is further sought in this invention to arrange the operation of theventilating sys tem with reference to the average condition of carspeed, with reference to the location of the car heaters, and withreference to the leakage of air which is always present even in theclosed type of car bodies.

As will appear from a study of the drawings and specification, theinvention consists further in the features of construction andcombination of parts as hereinafter set forth and claimed.

The application setting forth the present invention is a division of myprior application Serial No. 7"(6,053, filed June 27, 1913.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a single-end-operatedcar, showing the location of the air intakes and means for dischargingfoul air from the car body; Fig. 2 is a plan view, partly in section, ofthe car body shown in Fig- 1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged elevation, partly insection, of the rearend of the car body; Fig. i is a front elevation,partly. in section, of a suitable formiof air intake; and Fig. 5 is abottom View of the air discharging means.

The drawings illustrate an arch-roof car 6 of the single-end-operatedtype, wherein the controlling means for operation thereof are located onthe platform 7 which is provided with exit and entrance doors 8 and 9respectively. An emergency exit 8 is also provided at the rearend of thecar, but this 1s not intended to be used in the ordinary course of caroperation.

In the type of car illustrated, most of the seats 10 are arrangedtransversely of the car to permit of the passengers riding face forward,and the location of the car heaters 11 in the drawings is shown as underthe seats or along the side walls of the car close to the floor line. Aseries of air intakes 12 are arranged above the car roof 13, eachconsisting of a hood 14 closed over the top and provided with a flaringmouth 15 facing forwardly of the car through which air enters. Withinthe hood 141 is arranged a tube or duct 16 through which air isdelivered into the car body. An opening 17 is arranged in one side ofthe hood to allow of the escape or draining of water which may enterthrough the mouth 15 of the hood 14: into the chamber therewithin. 1nthe typeof car illustrated, means are shown for educting the vitiated orfoul air from the car body consisting of an electrically-operatedexhaust fan 18, which operates in a duct 19 communicating with theinterior of the car body, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, at a pointpreferably under one of the car seats 10. The controlling means (notshown) for the exhaust fan may be arranged upon the front platformwithin convenient reach of one of the car crew.

The ventilating action which results from a car so equipped issubstantially as followspDuring the periods of motion air is drawnthrough the intakes on the car roof and is delivered into the car bodyat different points above the heads of the passengers therein. Theexhaust fan located at the rear end of the car below the floor linetends to direct all currents of air toward the rear and downward towardthe floor, thus creating a positive rearward and downward movement ofair throughout the car. When the car is stopped and the front eXit orentrance door is opened,the action of the air inlets on the car roofvirtually ceases, due to the fact that a greater area is ofiere throughthe open door at the front end of the car through which fresh air may besupplied to the car. At such a time, therefore,

practically the entire quantity of fresh air supplied would be throughthe front door from whence it would be drawn rearward by the action ofthe exhaust fan.

During periods of cold weather when the car is operated with doors andwindows closed, and with the heating system in operation, the warm airradiating from the heaters is delivered into the car body at more orless even strata of are open, the intake action opened up through whichpoints adjacent the car floor.

This warm air tends naturally to rise to the upper level of the carwhere it is mixed with the currents of cold fresh air supplied to thecar through the roof thereof, the rapidity of such mixture increasingwith the difference between the car temperature and the temperature ofthe outside air. The mixture of cold and warm air thus resulting causesa pure fresh tempered air to obtain throughout the mid-section of thecar. This intermingling of Warm and fresh air will take placesubstantially as has been described during the periods when the car isin motion. As has previously been explained, however, when the car isstopped and the front exit or entrance doors of the roof inlets thegreater area fresh air may virtually ceases, because of pass into thecar.

' The advantages of the system which has been described lies in the factthat fresh air' is taken in at the roof line of the car where it isfreest from dust and street impurities. The fresh air so admitted isfurthermore delivered to the interior of the car at points closer to thebreathing zone where the sensation of freshness, due to the introductionof cool air at the upper lever, should preferably obtain. The floor ofthe car furthermore in the present system of ventilation'is preservedthe Warmest in temperathe balance of the ture, conducing thereby to thecomfort of the feet of passengers. It may even be found on this accountthat it is practicable to reduce the car temperature withoutinconvenience.

In the installation of the system herein described, it is intendedthat'the exhaust fan should remove a predetermined quantity of airsufficient to insure an air change taking place Within a specifiedperiod of time. To this end the best practice would probably be toproportion the roof inlets to introduce fresh air equal to approximatelyone-half the exhaust fan capacity at .the average operating speed of thecar, leaving fresh air handled by the through the cracks and leakyopenings. This arrangement serves also to diminish any chilling effectwhich would result when either of the front doors are opened if theentire quantity of air supplied'to the fan for exhaustion were hanfan tobe supplied dled only through roof operation of the car. In the presentventilating system, moreover, it is to be noted that the fresh air isdrawn into the car from the roof and that it proceeds downwardly to bediffused and diluted by the upwardly rising currents of warm airproceeding from the heaters located at the floor line. This results in areduction of the excess temperature previously existing at the upperdeck section, and the distribution of a fairly even strata of temperedair throughout the middle section of the car body for its entire length.The above ventilating effects are produced, it will be observed, withoutthe a 'ency of any special ducts through which currents of air are oftendirected.

I claim:

1. In combination with a closed car body equipped with heaters thereinat or near the car floor line, a car ventilating system embodying airintakes at or near the car roof line arranged to admit air at differentpoints into the car body during periods of car motion, said car havingother means located at the forward end of the car body arranged to admitair directly into the seating compartment of the car body during periodsof car rest, the fresh air so admitted during either period of rest ormotion being commingled and diffused with currents of air ascending fromthe car heaters, and mechanically operated means arranged to exhaustvitiated air from the car body located at the rearward end thereof,whereby a positive rearward current of mixed fresh and heated air iscreated Within the car body, substantially as described.

2. In combination with a closed car body equipped with heaters thereinat or near the car floor line, a car ventilating system embodying airintakes at or near the car roof line arranged to admit air at differentpoints into the car body during periods of car motion, said car havingother means located at the forward end of the car body arranged to admitair directly into the seating compartment of the car body during periodsof car rest, the fresh air so admitted during either period of rest ormotion being commingled and diffused with currents of air ascending fromthe car heaters, and mechanically operated means arranged to exhaustvitiated air from the car body located at the rearward end thereof at ornear the car floor line, whereby a positive downward and rearwardcurrent of mixed fresh and heated air is created within the car body,substantially as described.

DWIGHT I. COOKE.

outlets during the WM. P. BOND.

copies .ofthis patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents. b Washington, 110.

